Renaissance of catalytic lean methane oxidation for sustainable maritime transportation

The use of methane-fueled maritime vessels reduces harmful emissions. However, incomplete CH₄ combustion leads to methane slip, which has a higher global warming potential than CO₂. To mitigate this effect, lean methane oxidation catalysts have recently become a topic of intense research. This study revisits low-temperature methane oxidation with a special focus on LNG-fueled ships. The main causes of methane slip were explored, most used active metals and supports, reaction mechanisms, sulfur and water poisoning and deactivation processes, regeneration systems, and promising catalyst compositions. The aim is to guide newcomers in developing improved catalysts and innovative processes, contributing to improving carbon neutrality.