Vulvar Carcinoma in Pregnancy: A Case Report on Diagnosis, Management, and Surgical Outcomes

Vulvar cancer is an uncommon malignancy in reproductive-aged women, and its occurrence during pregnancy is rare. This report presents a case of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) diagnosed perioperatively in a 35-year-old pregnant woman. The patient was incidentally found to have lichen sclerosis and a suspicious vulvar lesion during an emergency cesarean section. Biopsy confirmed VSCC, and subsequent management involved a simple vulvectomy, sentinel lymph node biopsy, and local advancement flap reconstruction. Histopathological examination revealed clear margins and no lymph node involvement. This case highlights the importance of routine external genital inspection during pregnancy to enable early detection and timely management of vulvar lesions.