The complex longitudinal influence of paternal and maternal parental psychological flexibility on child problem behavior: exploring the role of parenting styles

This research extends the Reactance-Inhibition Model and the Spillover Hypothesis Theory, elucidating the complex dynamics of family interactions. Practical implications underscore the importance of interventions such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and professional parenting training to enhance parental flexibility and implement effective parenting styles. Overall, this study contributes to understanding family dynamics and informs strategies for promoting healthy child development within different cultural contexts.