Global comparative analysis of livestock infectious disease policies in Korea for African swine fever and the need for digital precision livestock farming systems

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal viral disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boars, with devastating global economic and ecological impacts. Since its initial outbreak in Korea in September 2019, extensive measures, including preventive culling and biosecurity protocols, have been implemented. However, these measures have caused significant socio-economic challenges, including environmental issues and compensation disputes. This study examines the evolution of Act on the Prevention of Contagious Animal Diseases post-ASF outbreak, focusing on changes in culling policies, compensation frameworks, and their alignment with global practices. By analyzing policy modifications and international case studies, the research highlights the effectiveness and limitations of Korea’s ASF management strategies. It also proposes the adoption of digital precision livestock farming systems to enhance early disease detection and reduce culling through advanced technologies like Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and big data. These innovative approaches aim to mitigate ASF’s impacts and provide sustainable solutions for disease prevention and livestock management and production.