Dental Auto-transplantation to Premolar Mandibullary Sites: Case report

ABSTRACT This study aims to present the success rate, advantages, and factors influencing the success, along with potential complications associated with autotransplantation to the mandibular premolar region. Autotransplantation involves the extraction of a suitable impacted, semi-erupted, or erupted tooth from an individual, followed by surgical transplantation into areas of tooth loss within the same individual. This procedure is particularly significant in addressing tooth loss, especially among young patients, with its success dependent on the careful selection of appropriate cases. Indications for autotransplantation include premature tooth loss resulting from various causes such as irreparable teeth, periodontal diseases, root fractures, dental agenesis, early tooth loss due to trauma, and impacted or ectopic teeth. The primary criteria for evaluating the success of autotransplantation involve normal periapical healing and sustained root development, without inflammatory pulpal changes or root resorption. The tooth designated for autotransplantation underwent initial treatment with a root canal, followed by complete filling with MTA to prevent root resorption. Subsequently, it was positioned and secured in the designated transplant area. The patient was called for periodic check-ups after the treatment was completed. Despite its limited practical applications, autotransplantation serves as a valid alternative to implant and prosthetic treatments due to its cost-effectiveness, relative simplicity, and ability to provide satisfactory aesthetics and functional results. Additionally, it preserves the quality and quantity of alveolar bone. In this study a 5-year follow-up of the patient revealed no criteria indicating failure in the transplanted tooth. Keywords: Autotransplantation, ectopic teeth, root resorption