Assessment of Serum Uric Acid to Albumin Ratio as A Prognostic Indicator for Short - Term Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury: A Prospective Study

Background: Acute kidney injury is diagnosed via rapid increase in renal function parameters. Hyperuricemia have been associated with acute kidney injury and result in increased mortality. Objective: To assess the uric acid to albumin ratio as a prognostic indicator for short-term mortality in acute kidney injury. Material and Methods: This observational prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology at Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital from November 2023 to February 2024. 80 patients, aged 18 and above who presented to the emergency service, developed acute kidney injury, and subsequently received follow-up and treatment. Results: 80 patients having themean age of 58.35±14.18 years (35% female and 65% male) were assessed. The mean uric acid to albumin ratio was 3.57±1.6 mg/g in the non-survivor group and 2.84±1.2 mg/g in survivor group (p=0.001).The optimal cutoff for the uric acid to albumin ratio correlated with mortality was found to be 2.5 mg/g, with specificity 82% and sensitivity 78%.The 30 days cumulatively survival rate for the low was 88.1% ± 3% and high uric acid to albumin ratio was 66.3% ± 4%.The assessed survival time was 25.6 days (95% CI: 24 to 30) for the low uric acid to albumin ratio group and 21.5 days (95% CI: 20 to 23) for the high uric acid to albumin ratio group. Conclusion: The study observed a clear relationship between 30 days mortality and the uric acid to albumin ratio at the initial manifestation in AKI patients, independent age, and clinical findings.