Blood Sugar Levels in terms of Differences in Intervention Time Duration for Corncob Ethanol Extract in Male Wistar Rats as a Model Of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is hyperglycemia due to metabolic dysfunction, with attendant complications of blindness, kidney failure, stroke, and amputation. Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of premature deaths. Corncob extract contains antioxidants that enhance pancreatic beta cell structural integrity and activate insulin to respond to glucose. The study evaluated the effectiveness of corncob extract administration on blood sugar levels in diabetic male Wistar rats. The corncob ethanol extract was administered at 130 mg/kgBW p.o to the diabetic male Wistar rats, and blood sugar levels were measured on days 7,14 and 21. The results indicated that the corncob ethanol extract showed a significant reduction in the blood glucose levels of the treated animals, which was highly significant at p-value < 0.05 after 21 days of administration. Corncob ethanol extract contains antioxidants that can improve oxidative stress. The longer the consumption time, the better the pancreatic β cell membrane repair. The extract maintained cellular homeostasis and function linked to its antioxidant effects. The extract further prevents membrane damage by inhibiting free radicals implicated in pancreatic beta cell damage, thereby increasing insulin secretion and natural glucose receptors, which impact blood sugar levels reduction.