Effects of Subacute Administration of MCH-2 Syrup on the Renal Morphology of Wistar Rats

Biomedical research highlights the therapeutic potential of natural products, with plant-based formulations showing promise for immunomodulatory effects. However, concerns regarding their renal safety still need to be addressed. This study assessed the subacute toxicity of MCH-2 syrup in male Wistar rats, focusing on its effects on renal morphology through histopathological evaluation. The MCH-2 syrup was formulated using extracts of Phyllanthus niruri and Morinda citrifolia.  Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups (n=5). Three groups received MCH-2 syrup at doses of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. The positive control group received only the vehicle, while the negative control group was given syrup without the plant extract. Behavioural parameters, body weight, and renal histology were assessed, emphasizing indicators such as inflammation, haemorrhage, and necrosis in kidney tissues.  The study reported no mortality or adverse clinical signs across the groups. Body weight increased consistently, suggesting an absence of stress or toxicity. Histopathological analysis revealed no significant differences in kidney weight among groups. The least renal tubule and endothelial damage were observed in the negative control and 500 mg/kg dose groups, whereas the highest damage occurred in the positive control group. Notably, higher doses of MCH-2 syrup correlated with reduced glomerular and endothelial damage, indicating a potential dose-dependent protective effect. These findings demonstrate that MCH-2 syrup does not induce significant renal toxicity in a subacute setting, supporting its safety profile for renal health and its potential as a therapeutic formulation.