The Effects of Internalized Shame and Social Exclusion on Approach-Avoidance Behavior

Background: This study examined the effects of internalized shame and social exclusion on approach-avoidance behavior.Methods: A survey was conducted offline and online with 618 adult participants to assess their level of internalized shame. Among them, 59 were selected and assigned to either the high- or low-internalized shame group. These participants were then randomly assigned to either the social exclusion or inclusion condition. After experimental manipulation, explicit and implicit approach-avoidance behaviors were measured.Results: In terms of explicit behavioral choices, the high-internalized shame group exhibited approach behavior in the social inclusion condition and avoidance behavior in the exclusion condition. In terms of explicit behavioral preferences, the high-internalized shame group and social exclusion condition exhibited avoidance responses. In terms of implicit behavior, the low-internalized shame group exhibited approach responses in the social exclusion condition, whereas the high-internalized shame group exhibited avoidance responses.Conclusions: This study investigated the impact of internalized shame and social exclusion on social functioning and confirmed that individuals with high levels of internalized shame are more vulnerable to social exclusion. Finally, the implications, significance, and limitations of this study are discussed.