COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS FOR SECURE DATA EXCHANGE BETWEEN UAVS IN A DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM

With the development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies and the increasing need to use them to collect and share data in real time, an important challenge arises to ensure reliable and secure communication between UAVs in distributed systems. With increasing demands on data security and the speed of information exchange, secure data exchange is becoming critical to the effective execution of various operations, such as joint reconnaissance, monitoring, or search missions. That is why communication protocols for such networks must ensure reliable data transmission, resistance to hacking and cyberattacks, and optimization of UAV resources to maximize efficiency and energy savings. The main aspects affecting the effectiveness of such systems are the reliability of data transmission, protection against hacking and attacks, and flexibility in the event of dynamic changes in operating conditions. This paper investigates the most advanced communication protocols for secure data exchange between UAVs, such as Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), which allows dynamic routing in a changing network topology, and Secure Routing Protocol (SRP), which provides secure data transmission through authentication of network participants. In addition, the author discusses the Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol, which provides data encryption even in unreliable networks, and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR), which optimizes routing in large networks and ensures reliable data transmission in complex environments. Security mechanisms, such as node authentication, which identifies each device in the network, and data encryption, which prevents intruders from accessing confidential information, are analyzed separately. Protection against DoS attacks ensures that the system is resistant to overload and loss of communication. This approach to building a communication system allows UAVs to be used efficiently and safely to carry out missions in difficult conditions, ensuring their reliability and durability even in the event of a failure of individual network components. The introduction of new technologies and approaches to organizing data transmission between drones can significantly expand the capabilities of UAVs, which is an important step in the development of this industry.