SELECTION OF BALANCING METHODS FOR LOCAL POWER SYSTEMS WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

The analysis of power balancing issues in electric power systems related to the unstable energy generation by solar and wind power plants, which depends on natural conditions, was carried out in this work. Such variability is especially noticeable during sudden weather changes, when the performance of renewable energy sources (RES) can fluctuate significantly, affecting the stability of power supply. The research focuses on the issues of capacity reservation, which is key to the reliability of the power system, especially during peak consumption periods. The use of electrochemical storage devices, hydrogen installations, and biogas technologies for energy optimization and system stability enhancement is considered. Mathematical models based on the similarity theory method are used to evaluate the effectiveness of capacity reservation. These models allow assessing technologies based on such criteria as power, cost, operational expenses, and response speed to changes in energy production or consumption. The criterion method provides an accurate comparison of technologies, helping to select the most effective capacity reservation options according to the needs of the power system, considering technical and economic conditions. Models created based on this approach allow adapting decisions regarding technology implementation depending on system parameters. Special attention is paid to the centralized placement of technologies in local energy systems (LES), considering transmission losses, which helps reduce transmission costs and more efficiently use resources, especially in remote areas. Optimizing losses and maximizing the use of reserve capacities significantly improves the efficiency of power systems based on renewable energy sources. This is important for the sustainable development of the industry, especially considering the decarbonization of energy. The conclusions emphasize the significance of the criterion method for improving power system stability, cost optimization, and integration of renewable energy sources. This not only improves the reliability of the system but also reduces dependence on variable climatic factors. Effective reservation is a crucial factor in the sustainable development of modern energy, meeting the demands of growing urbanization and the demand for clean technologies.