Effect of thermal stress on the biological traits of pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

The pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) is a significant pest of cotton worldwide. Its occurrence and distribution across various cotton-growing regions are influenced by multiple factors, with temperature being a critical determinant. This study aimed to analyze the life history traits of the pink bollworm under different temperature regimes. Biological and demographic parameters of P. gossypiella were systematically examined at five specific temperatures: 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C, under a controlled photoperiod of 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness (LD 16:8 h). The results revealed that the total developmental period of the pink bollworm decreased with increasing temperatures, with the highest larval survival rates observed at 30°C and 40°C, reaching 78.93% and 63.89%, respectively. Moreover, pupal weight, mating success, and fecundity were significantly higher at 30°C and 35°C. In contrast, lower egg hatching rates, larval survival, and adult emergence were recorded at the extremes of 20°C and 40°C. These findings offer valuable insights into the population dynamics of P. gossypiella under field conditions and highlight the need for climate-resilient management strategies to mitigate its impact on cotton production.