Problems of reproduction of human capital in Russia in the conditions of formation of a market economy

Introduction. At present, the formation of a market economy continues in Russia, which explains the relevance of research aimed at studying the spillover effects of such a process. Purpose. To supplement existing knowledge in the field of political economy with the conclusion that one of the risks arising in the process of formation of a market economy is the risk of increasing spatial polarization of the development of types of economic activity that ensure the reproduction of human capital. Materials and Methods. To achieve the objectives of the study, regression analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis are mainly used. Results. The dominance of private property, characteristic of a market economy, gives additional impetus to the development of both education and activities in the field of health care and social services. However, the process of forming this type of economic system in Russia produces, as a result of the uneven flow of development on its territory, an increase in the spatial polarization of the development of these types of economic activity. This increases the inequality of opportunities for the implementation of citizens' rights to education and medical care in the regional context. Also, under the influence of the polarized development of education, life expectancy at birth is reduced, losses in real GDP per capita are formed, and the heterogeneity of the Russian economic space is growing. Conclusion. When forming a market economy in Russia, measures must be taken to minimize the risk of increasing spatial polarization of the development of types of economic activity that ensure the reproduction of human capital. A promising direction for future research is to study the impact of this process on the development of other types of economic activity.