Influence of process parameters in ion exchange on the properties of the obtained 5A zeolite powder

Zeolite 5A is highly regarded in adsorption processes among zeolites, making it valuable for various commercial applications. It is typically synthesized from 4A zeolite by replacing Na+ ions in the crystal lattice with Ca2+ or Mg2+ ions through an ion exchange process. This substitution increases the pore volume, enlarges pore openings, and enhances the zeolite's adsorption capacity. From an industrial and commercial production standpoint, defining the optimal process parameters for producing 5A zeolite is crucial. This study investigates the effects of ion exchange temperature, ion exchange duration, and the concentration of active components in the system on the characteristics of the resulting 5A zeolite powder. The ion exchange process was carried out using a MgCl₂•6H₂O solution to produce the Mg2+ form of 5A zeolite, known as Na,Mg-A zeolite. The powders obtained after ion exchange were analyzed for their chemical composition and water adsorption capacity. Furthermore, the samples were characterized using granulometry and particle size distribution analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results revealed significant correlations between process parameters, ion exchange efficiency, crystallinity, and adsorption properties. These findings provide insights into the optimal conditions required for the effective production of 5A zeolite.