Saline soils of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Karakalpakstan (Republic of Uzbekistan) and ways to improve them

In the article describes the patterns of distribution of saline soils of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Karakalpakstan, describes the features of salt accumulation processes depending on geological development and identifies soil-halogeochemical provinces. Reclamation measures for their development are recommended. The most effective method of reclamation of carp hydromorphic meadow salt marshes of the chloride-sulfate type of salinization is flushing against the background of open deep horizontal drainage. Flushing of meadow salt marshes of the foothill plain of the Trans-Ili Alatau with a water norm of 5 thousand m3/ha ensures the settlement of a soil-soil column with a capacity of 0-80 cm. Carrying out further reclamation measures with alfalfa cultivation for three years leads to a decrease in salt reserves by 29 tons/ha.