Evaluation of Refuse-Derived and Tyre-Derived Fuels in Cement Industry: A Study on Emission Characteristics

This paper evaluates the impact of alternative fuels utilised in a cement facility in Central Anatolia, Turkey, on CO2, SO2, H2O, and NOx emissions. We implemented Chemkin-Pro and NASA CEA to investigate 16 fuel scenarios at temperatures between 973.15 K and 1,473.15 K. The modelling results demonstrate that high volatility and oxygen content in refuse-derived fuel contributed to an increase in NOx formation. Conversely, the low volatility and high carbon content of petcoke led to a decrease in NOx emissions. In scenario 13, the tyre and refuse-derived fuel combination yielded the lowest NOx emissions.