Assessment of risk of dental caries among middle school children based on carbohydrate intake in Pune: Cross-sectional study

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between carbohydrate intake and the risk of dental caries among middle school children aged 11-15 years in Pune, Maharashtra, India. Objective: Dental caries is a prevalent oral disease, particularly in this age group, as most permanent teeth have erupted, making them vulnerable to decay if proper oral hygiene and dietary habits are not maintained. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 197 students from various schools in Pune. Data were collected through questionnaires and clinical examinations done through DMFT & DMFS index, focusing on dietary habits, brushing frequency, and oral hygiene practices. Result: The result of the study shows that there is a significant differences in oral hygiene practices based on intake of carbohydrate, with notable correlation between high carbohydrate intake and increased DMFT and DMFS scores. Specifically, children consuming >20% carbohydrates exhibited significantly higher mean DMFT (3.57 + 3.64) and DMFS mean scores (8.71 + 11.41) compared to those with lower carbohydrate intake <20% had low DMFT mean (1.98+1.57) and DMFS mean (3.07+2.99) Conclusion: The study shows that Children consuming more carbohydrates diet showed more dental caries compared to those with less carbohydrate intake