False descendants of the Pontianak Sultan: the practice and legal implications of genealogical fraud

This study examines the practice of impersonating descendants of the Pontianak Sultan and its societal implications. Reports suggest that such practices are widespread and increasingly common. Using a qualitative narrative approach, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of lineage falsification. Data were collected through interviews, group discussions, and document reviews, and analysed within the framework of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence). This study reveals that lineage falsification involves fabricating names or associating unrelated family lineages with the Pontianak Sultan. This fraudulent practice is driven by the growing authority and influence of the Sultanate, with individuals seeking to gain social or economic advantages. Fabricating lineage is not merely a social phenomenon but also carries significant legal consequences. Fraudulent claims are frequently used to unlawfully manipulate land ownership within the former Sultanate’s territories and, in some cases, involve issues related to Islamic family law. This study underscores the prevalence of lineage falsification as a pervasive societal issue and highlights the urgent need for further research on royal lineage disputes, given the complexities of verifying authenticity. Addressing this issue is essential, as the proliferation of fake lineages undermines cultural heritage, legal systems, and societal trust.