Barriers to the Adoption of E-Learning in Higher Education Institutes (HEI)

E-learning has the potential to revolutionize higher education institutes (HEIs), yet its adoption faces significant barriers. This study aims to identify and analyze the interdependent relationships among these barriers within the HEIs. This research classifies e-learning adoption barriers into different levels through an interpretive structural modelling (ISM-MICMAC) to prioritize and explore their contextual relationships. The findings reveal that the financial constraints barriers are the primary barriers, followed by the limited technological infrastructure, inadequate policy and institutional support, and technical support challenges. While the study acknowledges potential limitations, such as overlooked barriers and possible biases in expert opinions, it offers actionable insights for policymakers and managers to address these challenges. By providing strategies for overcoming barriers, this research supports the effective and seamless integration of e-learning systems in HEIs, establishing a strong foundation for future advancements.