The Legislation of Abortion in Poland

The criminalization of abortion in Poland, particularly following the Anti-Abortion Law of 1993, has sparked significant legal, ethical, and international debate. This paper explores the issue through a comprehensive analysis of Poland's legislative framework, the ethical implications of its restrictive abortion policies, and the consequences for women's mental and physical well-being. The legal framework, including the European Convention on Human Rights and the Charter of Fundamental EU Rights, is assessed to highlight the violations of women's rights to autonomy, health, equality, and dignity. The report also delves into ethical principles, emphasizing the importance of self-determination and bodily autonomy in achieving gender equality. Addressing counterarguments and potential pitfalls of decriminalization, the paper presents constructive solutions, including legal reforms, public awareness campaigns, and international pressure. While Poland avoids direct contravention of EU law, its restrictive policies undermine fundamental human rights and exacerbate gender inequality. The findings advocate for the legalization of abortion to align Polish legislation with international human rights standards and ethical principles, ensuring equitable access to reproductive healthcare and safeguarding the well-being of women.