Characteristics of Extra Thoracic Sarcoidosis: A Retrospective Study from Morocco

Background: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder with diverse extra thoracic manifestations requiring systematic evaluation. Objectives: To analyse the characteristics and outcomes of extra thoracic manifestations in sarcoidosis patients at Mohamed V Military Hospital, Rabat. Methods: Retrospective study of 54 sarcoidosis patients from January 2021 to January 2024. Clinical, biological, radiological, and therapeutic data were analysed. Results: Extra thoracic involvement occurred in 16 patients (30%), predominantly female (sex ratio 1/3), mean age 41±7 years. Type II radiographic sarcoidosis was most common (50%). Main manifestations were ocular (16.6%), peripheral lymph nodes (9.25%), and cutaneous (7.4%). Biological findings included elevated ACE (20.4%), leukopenia with lymphopenia (7.4%), and hypercalcemia (3.7%), Treatment comprised corticosteroids (75%), immunosuppressants (12.5%), and antimalarial drugs (12.5%). Conclusion: Extra thoracic sarcoidosis presents diverse manifestations requiring vigilant screening. Treatment strategies primarily rely on corticosteroids, with favourable outcomes in most cases.