Clinical profile and outcomes of patients with endometrial cancer from Northwest India: A retrospective study

ABSTRACT Background: Endometrial cancer is a significant health concern, but there is a lack of region-specific data on its clinical profile and outcomes in Northwest India. Recognizing the importance of early diagnosis and the evolving landscape of precision oncology, the study incorporated risk stratification based on established guidelines and updated staging. Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to determine the clinicopathological profile of patients with endometrial cancer. The secondary objectives were to estimate the survival outcomes, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) based on various staging protocols. Materials and Methods: We included patients with biopsy-confirmed carcinoma of the endometrium, managed at Mohan Dai Oswal Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab from January 1, 2017 to August 31, 2022. Retrospective data were collected from electronic medical records and patient outpatient department files after ethics committee approval. The data were stratified according to the 2014 consensus guidelines of the European Society of Medical Oncology, the European Society of Gynecological Oncology, and the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology as well as the 2023 staging guidelines from the international federation of gynecology and obstetrics for analysis. Survival was calculated from histopathology confirmation to progression, death, or last follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v22, with Kaplan-Meier for survival estimates, Cox regression for survival associations, and log-rank tests for group comparisons. Results: We included a total of 111 patients. The median age of the subjects was 64 years (range 37-88). Surgery was the primary treatment in 109 (98.7%). The 5-year OS and DFS rates were 85.6% and 75.7%, respectively, with high-risk patients showing worse outcomes (3-year OS: 75.2%; 4-year OS: 37.6%) compared to low/intermediate-risk patients (5-year OS: 100%, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study highlights significant survival variations based on risk stratification in endometrial cancer, underscoring the need for tailored management approaches.