Giant Pleural Solitary Fibrous Tumor Revealed by Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Case Report

Introduction: Solitary fibrous tumors are rare mesenchymal tumors, often benign, of pluripotent fibroblastic or myofibroblastic origin. They usually develop at the expense of the pleura, but they can be localized to any organ. Clinical observation: we report the case of a 50-year-old patient who was admitted to the department for a superior vena cava syndrome revealing a giant thoracic tumor. The biopsy of the mass was in favor of a pleural solitary fibrous tumor. Discussion: The etiopathogenesis of the disease is unclear, but it could be related to accumulated somatic mutations, including the NAB2-STAT6 fusion, TP53 mutations and TERT promoter mutations. Conclusion: The diagnosis of a pleural solitary fibrous tumor is confirmed by histology after biopsy or surgical excision. The prognosis depends on the size of the mass, the mitotic index, and the presence or absence of necrosis.