Optimal Location Method of Urban and Rural Emergency Shelter Based on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm

In order to realize the automatic location of urban and rural emergency shelters, the optimal location method of urban and rural emergency shelters based on the improved ant colony algorithm is proposed. Combined with the method of urban and rural land block grid space planning, the spatial grid planning of urban and rural distribution and the method of remote sensing image covering big data detection are adopted to extract the spatial grid geospatial detection model of urban and rural emergency shelters. The remote sensing images of urban and rural emergency shelters and the wireless sensor information sampling method of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are adopted to establish the remote sensing images of urban and rural emergency shelters and the monitoring map database of UAV wireless sensor information. The improved ant colony optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize the path in the process of urban and rural emergency shelters’ site selection, and the overall geographical and geometric characteristics of urban and rural emergency shelters’ site selection are analyzed. The texture, color, shape and other characteristics related to the location of urban and rural emergency shelters are extracted, and the distributed optimization control method of dynamic ant colony is adopted to detect the distribution of geometric deformation characteristics and optimize the location of urban and rural emergency shelters. The location is realized by spatial enhancement of remote sensing dynamic information and the location of spatial feature points. The simulation results show that this method has a good positioning ability and a strong ability to optimize the location of emergency shelters in urban and rural areas.