Evaluation on the high percentage ate of obesity and CVD in Guam regarding human consumption of microplastics

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with Guam exhibiting notably higher rates of CVD and obesity compared to the mainland United States. This review examines the potential link between microplastic (MP) consumption and the elevated prevalence of CVD and obesity in Guam, where the Pacific Islanders' diet involves high seafood intake, a major source of MPs. Research indicates that MPs can lead to oxidative stress and inflammation, which contribute to endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and other CVD-related conditions. Animal model studies demonstrate that exposure to MPs accelerates oxidative damage, resulting in myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis, thereby linking MPs to cardiovascular complications. Additionally, the association between MP ingestion and increased adiposity implies that MPs may exacerbate obesity, a significant CVD risk factor. This review underscores the importance of further investigation into the impact of MPs on human health, especially in populations with high seafood consumption, and their potential role in cardiovascular risk elevation in regions like Guam.