Exploring SAP2000 for analysis of hydraulic structure: a comparative evaluation using numerical assessment

Abstract In the field of dam engineering, the use of advanced simulation software plays a critical role in ensuring the safety and stability of hydraulic structures. This study explores the application of SAP2000 software in the analysis of hydraulic structures, particularly dams, where its use has been limited. By evaluating a hypothetical concrete gravity dam section under various loading conditions, including seismic forces, the research compares SAP2000 with traditional numerical methods. The study involved detailed stress distribution and deformation analysis using SAP2000, alongside structural behaviour calculations through manual numerical methods. Results showed discrepancies between the two methodologies ranging from 0 to 5%, demonstrating SAP2000’s reliability. Comprehensive assessments of dam stability, stress distribution, and seismic response revealed a maximum moment of 21,493.02 kN.m at the base under typical operating conditions, and a total pressure of 745.53 kN under seismic conditions. Stress and strain contour plots from SAP2000 visualized complex interactions within the dam, enhancing understanding of structural responses and identifying compromised safety factors, especially tensile stress under seismic loading. The findings highlight the importance of advanced software tools like SAP2000 for accurate and efficient dam analysis, emphasizing its role in assessing seismic risks. The study concludes that integrating SAP2000 provides a robust tool for engineers, complementing traditional methods and advancing the state of practice in dam engineering. This research significantly contributes to the design of resilient concrete gravity dams capable of withstanding both standard and seismic forces, ensuring their safety and stability.