Design and simulation of magnetic field sensor based on dual-core photonic crystal fiber filled ferrofluid at different ambient temperatures

Abstract Dual-core photonic crystal fiber (DC-PCF) based on ferrofluid-filled core holes is proposed to detect and measure magnetic field. The suggested magnetic field sensor contains two core holes. The two core holes of photonic crystal fiber are filled by nanoparticle ferrosoferric oxide ( Fe 3 O 4 ) magnetic fluid. The magnetic sensor mode distribution and mode coupling under different values of magnetic field strength and ambient temperatures are studied. Finally, the transmission spectrum and magnetic field sensitivity of the DC-PCF magnetic field sensor are calculated at different ambient temperatures. Our numerical results depict that the present magnetic field sensor could detect magnetic field in the range of 89-271 (Oe), has a good FOM of 450.7 RIU −1 , and shows high sensitivity to 21.9 ( μm /RIU) and 35.1 ( μm /RIU) for x − and y − polarizations at the room temperature, respectively. It was also found that the magnetic field sensitivity decreases with increasing the ambient temperature.