Design and Implementation of a Rechargeable Active/Passive RFID Tag System with Integrated Software Interface for Construction Site Equipment Tracking

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has undergone continuous development since its origin in the 1940s, finding applications across various fields. This research aimed to design and implement a rechargeable active/passive RFID Tag system operating at 433MHz, with a specific focus on its application in construction site equipment tracking. The objectives were to develop an RFID Tag capable of switching between active and passive operation modes, wirelessly recharging the battery system, and demonstrating its effectiveness in managing construction equipment. The designed Tag operates in both active and passive modes, ensuring operation even after battery depletion. Data exchange uses backscattering modulation, allowing transmission without relying on an external power supply. The Tag was implemented using an ESP8266-01 encoder, envelope detection circuit for mode switching, signal amplification unit, impedance-matched antenna, and a rechargeable power supply unit. Testing evaluated data transmission, reception, signal reliability, and distance coverage in both modes. Results showed effective performance up to 50 meters in active mode and 30 meters in passive mode. The system's application in construction site equipment tracking demonstrated significant potential for improving asset utilization, enhancing security, and streamlining inventory management. Additionally, a software interface was developed and tested, showcasing the system's ability to present real-time tracking data in both tabular and graphical formats, further enhancing its practical applicability. This research contributes to advancing RFID technology by introducing a versatile, rechargeable Tag system with practical applications in challenging environments like construction sites, complemented by user-friendly software solutions for effective asset management