UHPLC-DAD-MS3 FINGERPRINTING ANALYSES AND CARCINOGENESIS PREVENTIVE POTENTIALS OF Cyperus bulbosus VAHL. (CYPERACEAE) BULB EXTRACTS ON RHABDOMYOSARCOMA AND BREAST CANCER CELL LINES

Despite tremendous progress in cancer treatment, cancer remains a worldwide health burden with a rapidly increasing incidence and death rate. Although conventional cancer medications have demonstrated notable therapeutic success, patients are nonetheless subjected to unfavourable side effects. Compounds produced by nature are being investigated in the quest for substitute anti-cancer medications. Nature continues to be the primary source of bioactive molecules, notwithstanding recent developments in chemically synthesized pharmacologically -active compounds s. This work aims to evaluate the UHPLC-DAD-MS3 fingerprinting analyses and antiproliferative activity of Cyperus bulbosus Vahl. (Cyperaceae) on rhabdomyosarcoma and breast cancer cell lines. The dry bulb of Cyperus bulbosus was successively extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol for 72 h, respectively. The cytotoxicity assay of the plant extracts against human cancer cells was assessed using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazole-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) and selectivity index were evaluated. Methanol extract showed the highest cytotoxicity effect on RD (Rhabdomyosarcoma) cell line (CC50 =7.83±0.06 μg/mL). Ethyl acetate (ECB) extract showed the highest cytotoxicity effect (CC50 =7.74±0.01 μg/mL) on MCF-7 (breast cancer cells) at 1000 µg/mL when compared to Vincristine (CC50 =0.340.17 μg/mL) at 100 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract has the highest nitric oxide inhibitory activity (IC50=53.85±0.08 µg/mL) at 800 µg/mL when compared to ascorbic acid (IC50=83.39 0.14 μg/mL) at 100 µg/mL. UHPLC-DAD-MS3 analyses for ethyl acetate revealed the presence of 33 compounds. Some molecular ion peak (+MS) of compounds identified are represented (+MS 401.15, RT 80.2 mins, Area% 100), (+MS 425.20, RT 106.9 mins, Area% 61.99), (+MS 282.10, RT 105.1 mins, Area% 51.88), (+MS 403.15, RT 95.9 mins, Area % 45.35), (+MS 433.29, RT 92.5 mins, Area% 26.29). Components in extracts of Cyperus bulbosus have antiproliferative activity on rhabdomyosarcoma and breast cancer cell lines.