STUDY OF ORBITAL NEOPLASMS BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING PROCEDURE.

The neoplasms of the organ of vision are characterized by significant polymorphism, which is due to the histological diversity of the structures in the eye socket. Almost all types of neoplasms described in humans are found in the orbit. The study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with tumors in the eyeball and the eye socket, as well as to determine the superiority of the MRI procedure compared to other instrumental methods of research. The paper presents the results of the study of 67 patients with pathological processes of the orbit, whose ages ranged from a few months to 81 years. Of them, 23 (34.3%) were men and 44 (65.7%) were women. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a Siemens MAGNETOM Vida 3T device in three projections. As a result of the analysis of MRI semiotics of primary tumors of the orbit and eyeball, their common features were revealed: the predominance of oval-shaped tumors. Also, in most cases, the contours of the tumors were regular and clear. The structure of the pathological formation was homogenous. The heterogeneity of the structure of the tumors was revealed in 25.6% of cases, while in more than half of the patients, no additional inclusions were detected, and in the rest, the presence of areas of fat density and calcinates was determined. During studies under intravenous bolus contrast with cyclolux and Gadovist, 62.8% showed an active high accumulation of contrast in the tumor, indicating a developed vascular network in the tumor formation. Of all tissue imaging methods, the magnetic resonance imaging procedure provides the most complete pathoanatomical picture and allows for conducting non-invasive angiographic examination and obtaining diffusion, perfusion, and spectroscopy images.