Prevalence of plant parasitic nematodes in irrigation water and soil in clove and tomato greenhouses in Isparta Province of Türkiye

The study was carried out to determine the contamination status of irrigation water with plant parasitic nematodes and the effect of their spread in the greenhouse soil. For this purpose, soil samples and water samples from the irrigation source of the greenhouse were taken from the same greenhouses in May and October in Isparta Province of Türkiye. A total of 20 samplings were collected from 13 tomato and 7 clove greenhouses. The irrigation sources of these greenhouses were notedas 8 wells and 12 open pools. Nematode densities in 100 g of soil and 1 l of water were determined. In the study, 8 economically important plant parasitic nematode genera (Meloidogyne spp., Criconemoides spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Ditylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Paratylenchus spp., Xiphinema spp. and Tylenchus spp.) were detected in irrigation water and soil samples. The percentages of presence of Criconemoides spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Ditylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Paratylenchus spp., Xiphinema spp. and Tylenchus spp. in soil were found to be 15%, 35%, 25%, 45%, 25%, 25% and 45%, respectively. The percentages of their presence in water samples were determined as 25%, 35%, 35%, 25%, 25%, 30% and 30%, respectively. In seven soil samples (S1, S6, S7, S13, S17, S20) Meloidogyne spp. has been found. Five of these samples (S6, S7, S12, S17, S20) belong to tomato greenhouses irrigated with pool water. While the S13 sample belongs to the clove greenhouse soil irrigated with pool water, the S1 sample was taken from the tomato greenhouse irrigated with well water. Meloidogyne spp. were in both soil and water samples of S1, S6, S7, S12, S13, S17 and S20. While S9 and S18 were only found in water samples. It appears that the likelihood of root knot nematodes being present is higher in greenhouses irrigated from open pools. In general, nematode densities were found to be higher in soil and water samples in October. While Meloidogyne spp. densities varied between 100-900 individuals/100 g of soil, they varied between 200-1400 individuals/1 L of water samples. In the study, significant evidence was obtained regarding the transmission of plant parasitic nematodes to greenhouse soil through irrigation water.