Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Dialium guineense Fruit (Fabaceae), Côte d'Ivoire

This study is devoted to the phytochemical analysis of Dialium guineense fruit, which is particularly popular in urban areas in Côte d'Ivoire. Despite its high consumption, there is still little information about its potential. To assess and identify the levels of various secondary metabolites, hydromethanolic extracts of the pulp, kernel, and shell of D. guineense fruit were analyzed via qualitative and quantitative methods (colorimetric and TLC tests) : total phenols (40.201 ± 1.8 ; 509.023 ± 14.5 and 194.368 ± 2.2 µg EAG/g dry extract), flavonoids (58.958 ± 6.1 ; 216.771 ± 21.7 and 238.385 ± 6.2 µg EC /g dry extract), condensed tannins (264.167 ± 13.9 ; 411.667 ± 25.8 and 282.500 ± 5.2 µg EC/ mg dry extract) and hydrolysable tannins (0.44 ± 0.03 %; 0.21 ± 0.02 % and 0.30 ± 0.03 %). Furthermore, the analysis of antioxidant potential (DPPH and FRAP) showed satisfactory activity overall, with special attention given to the kernel and shell. These results indicate that the fruit of D. guineense could be viewed as a potential source of antioxidant compounds that can help prevent or fight various pathologies associated with oxidative stress.