Features of transport accessibility models at the regional and local scale of urban agglomerations (international experience)

The article presents the results of studies of existing methods for determining the need for supporting infrastructure, an analysis of foreign experience in creating transport accessibility models and a proposal for an ameliorated approach to improve the accuracy and efficiency of planning urban development of territories. To determine the need for supporting infrastructure, the following methods (criteria) were defined: access to regional centers, availability of jobs, regional potential accessibility, access to medical institutions, the presence of schools and potential accessibility to basic health care. In the comparative table of foreign experience in creating transport accessibility models, the criteria of potential accessibility were not included. In the comparative table the regions of Europe are considered, namely: Finland, Bavaria, Northern Italy. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that in each of the regions under consideration, transport accessibility models have their own shortcomings. In Finland, there are remote peripheries in the central and eastern parts, where accessibility models are underdeveloped, and in some areas of northern Finland they are not developed at all. In Bavaria, the differences between the regional accessibility models are very small, but outside the major Bavarian metropolitan areas there are areas with insufficient spatial concentration of schools. In Northern Italy there are also areas with deficiencies in the transport model (mountainous areas). Therefore, it is necessary to implement improved approaches to improve the efficiency of spatial planning, such as the use of modern geographic information systems (GIS).