Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) among Orthodontic Patients Compared to Community Population in Eastern Mediterranean Region

Background and Objectives Many orthodontists may recognize that some of their clinic's patients may have one or more abnormal physical or psychological conditions, such as Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). The aims of this study were to screen and identify the prevalence of BDD among orthodontic patients using the COPS-BDD questionnaire. Additionally, the study aimed to compare the prevalence of BDD between orthodontic patients and the normal population (community group) in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Material and Methods Two groups of participants aged between 18-25 years old were recruited: a) Community group consisting of dental clinic visitors for operative procedures (n=503 participants), and b) Orthodontic patients' group comprising individuals seeking orthodontic treatment at orthodontic offices (n=500 participants). Results According to questionnaire guidelines, 7.36% and 11.2% of participants from the community group and orthodontic patients' group, respectively, were likely to have BDD with higher probability. Meanwhile, 16.7% and 12.4% of participants from these groups were still likely to have BDD but with lower probability. Females scored higher than males in both groups. In both groups, BDD was more common among females, with younger individuals showing higher likelihood of BDD. No significant differences in the mean scores of BDD subjects were observed when comparing the study groups. While there were no significant variations in the prevalence of BDD between both groups, the scores of questionnaire items suggested that subjects in the orthodontic patients' group received significantly higher scores than those in the community group, indicating a greater tendency to have BDD. Conclusion Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a notable psychological condition that should be carefully investigated and addressed by orthodontists. It is recommended that BDD be routinely considered as part of the decision-making process in orthodontic offices.