Socioeconomic Challenges to Cervical Cancer Screening in Underserved Communities: Doukoula, Extreme North -Cameroon.

Background: Developed nations have well-structured health systems where cervical cancer (CC) screening is routine, accompanied by effective treatment and follow-up for positive cases. In contrast, many developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, lack specialized health infrastructure, treatment options, equipment, and qualified healthcare professionals. Screening initiatives are often limited in scope and lack sustained follow-up. As a result, approximately 90% of CC cases in these regions are diagnosed at advanced stages, exacerbated by socioeconomic challenges. Aim: This study aims to explore the socioeconomic and cultural factors contributing to cervical cancer risk among women in Doukoula, Far North Region of Cameroon. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 3-9, 2021, among women aged 16 to 80 years in Doukoula and surrounding areas. Data collection involved face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire with 26 questions covering respondent identification, demographics, and cervical cancer screening (CCS) information. Data were entered into a Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheet, checked for consistency, and analyzed using CDC Epi Info version 7.2.5.0. Associations between respondent characteristics and CCS uptake were assessed using the Pearson Chi-square (χ²) test (significance level: 0.05). Results: Socioeconomic and cultural factors, including area of residence, age at first sexual activity, number of sexual partners, lack of information, education level, poverty, illiteracy, poor communication, cultural beliefs, and awareness gaps, were identified as barriers to effective cervical cancer prevention and control. Conclusion: This study highlights the complex socioeconomic and cultural vulnerabilities contributing to cervical cancer risk among women in Doukoula. Addressing these factors is crucial for improving prevention, early detection, and treatment outcomes.