Clinical Profile and Complications in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction-A Systematic Review

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Our study shows that AWMI predominates as the initial symptom of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), leading to a significant delay in first medical contact. Complications such as cardiogenic shock and arrhythmia are frequently observed. This study was conducted with the aim of understanding the clinical profile of ACS in people attending our institute. A total of 20 articles were identified during the year 2003 to 2023 in PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. Search. The mean age of the subjects was 55.75 ± 12.5 years, and the majority were male (75%). The differential diagnosis of ST-segment elevation includes four main processes: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), premature repolarization, pericarditis, and QRS complex abnormalities (left bundle branch block, left ventricular hypertrophy). ST-segment elevation secondary to, or pre-excitation). Other processes that may be associated with ST segment elevation include hyperkalemia, pulmonary embolism, and Brugada syndrome. The biggest barrier to consistent STEMI care in developing countries is the lack of community care systems, which needs improvement. All patients received routine anti-ischemic therapy, followed by initial PCI or revascularization with thrombolytic therapy, and routine post-MI treatment. Complications and outcomes were evaluated by electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and other examinations, if necessary. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction has a good outcome in young patients. Smoking and dyslipidemia are the main risk factors for STEMI in young people. The majority of young patients with dyslipidemia were unaware of their previous disease. Our results recommend the implementation of community adaptation and screening programs for dyslipidemia in young people, and the strengthening of smoking prevention programs.