Voltage Controlled Oscillator Realisation with Temperature and Source Independent Circuits

In this article, a square wave was generated with a voltage-controlled oscillator circuit (VCO) using a bandgap reference voltage circuit and a low drop-out (LDO) circuit. The band gap reference circuit can generate a constant 500mV voltage between -40⁰C and +125⁰C. The LDO circuit is driven by a bandgap reference voltage circuit and exhibits a stable output even at different voltage levels. The last circuit, VCO, is driven by the LDO circuit. It can generate square waves between 1200MHz and 1600MHz at the output. Simulations using 130nm TSMC technology parameters have been successfully achieved.