Structural, Magnetic and UV Studies of Gadolinium-Doped Cobalt-Nanoferrites Routed Through Sol–Gel Auto-Combustion Technique

Nanoferrites of CoGd[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]O 4 ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were synthesized via sol–gel auto combustion. The fashioned samples were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometer and UV spectroscopic analysis. A cubic spinel phase with no impurities was confirmed by XRD. Doping with Gd[Formula: see text] ions raises the crystallite size from 20[Formula: see text]nm to 25[Formula: see text]nm and the lattice constant from 8.351[Formula: see text]Å to 8.413[Formula: see text]Å. Formations of two significant bands are supported by FTIR spectra between 590[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and 601[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], 403[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and 407[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], which approve the establishment of ferrite structure. FESEM certified the formation of the nanoparticles and the fact that most of the grains are spherical and agglomerated and the EDX spectrographs certified the existence of the elemental compositions. With an increase in Gd[Formula: see text] ion, saturation magnetization (M[Formula: see text]) and remanence magnetization (M[Formula: see text]) dropped from 132[Formula: see text]emu/g to 69[Formula: see text]emu/g and 93[Formula: see text]emu/g to 41[Formula: see text]emu/g, respectively. The coercivity (H[Formula: see text]) increased with gadolinium and at the [Formula: see text] recording the extreme value of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Oe. UV-spectroscopy studies authorized the samples’ semiconducting nature because band gap values were found from 2.108[Formula: see text]eV to 1.992[Formula: see text]eV.