DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF GEOPOLITICS: NEW TOOLS, ACTORS, AND POWER DYNAMICS

This article explores the evolution of geopolitics in the digital era, emphasizing how technology has transformed traditional geopolitical frameworks. Initially grounded in the physical characteristics of territories, modern geopolitics, influenced by digital tools, has shifted to a more intangible domain. The interconnectedness brought about by digital technologies has blurred the boundaries between internal and external state affairs, reshaping how geopolitical power is understood and exercised. As new technologies such as artificial intelligence, large datasets, and digital infrastructure gain prominence, they become new tools in global competition. While digital geopolitics democratizes participation, enabling individuals to influence international discourse, it also presents challenges, such as the potential misuse of these tools. Furthermore, the rise of digital geopolitics reflects a critical approach, where ideological and political phenomena are redefined through digital means. This transformation leads to the merging of traditional and modern power dynamics, making geopolitics more accessible but also more complex in terms of influence, representation, and global rivalry.