Experience in growing selected forms of clonal apple tree rootstocks in conditions of the Southern Urals

In the conditions of the Southern Urals, sowing of seeds of clonal apple rootstocks obtained from open pollination of cultivated varieties growing in the garden of the variety-rootstock trial was carried out. Over the years of selection work on the creation of clonal apple rootstocks for the Volga-Ural region with its sharp continental climatic conditions, it was possible to obtain forms with increased drought resistance and frost resistance of the root system, unpretentious to soil differences, already at the first stage. Compared with the control, the selected forms stand out by increased productivity (by 1.5–2.0 times) in the garden and a high coefficient of rootstock reproduction (Ural 1, Ural 5, Volga 3, Volga 12). Among all the available forms, second-generation rootstocks have been obtained at the present time (OB series and a number of other forms not included in the Register of Breeding Achievements, requiring testing in the garden).