International Journal for Recent Development in Science and Technology

This study presents a remote environmental monitoring system for smart agriculture, leveraging low-power Internet of Things (IoT) technology to achieve real-time monitoring of critical parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity in crop environments.The system optimizes agricultural practices by utilizing IoT features like broad coverage, multiple connections, rapid data transmission, cost efficiency, low energy consumption, and robust architecture.By addressing these key needs, the system provides an efficient solution to enhance agricultural productivity while ensuring sustainable resource management.The system architecture integrates multiple components, including low-power environmental monitoring nodes, a LoRa (Long Range) gateway, and upper computer software for data visualization and analysis.The monitoring nodes, equipped with energy-efficient sensors, collect and relay data to the LoRa gateway, which ensures reliable long-distance communication.The upper computer software processes this data and provides farmers with actionable insights through an intuitive interface.This combination of hardware and software ensures seamless integration, enabling precise monitoring of environmental conditions critical for crop growth.A significant contribution of this research lies in developing and optimizing the LoRa protocol.This protocol is tailored to enhance communication range, stability, and energy efficiency, addressing the challenges of deploying monitoring systems in large agricultural fields with limited infrastructure.The optimized protocol ensures the system performs effectively in long-distance communication scenarios, maintaining low power consumption while delivering consistent data.These advancements make the system particularly suitable for rural and remote agricultural applications.The system's performance was rigorously tested, demonstrating exceptional reliability across metrics like communication distance, power efficiency, and operational stability.The results validate its potential to support sustainable agricultural practices by enabling data-driven decision-making.With its affordability, scalability, and energy efficiency, the system provides a powerful tool for modernizing agriculture and revitalizing rural communities.This innovation empowers farmers to optimize resources, reduce environmental impact, and enhance productivity, contributing significantly to the ongoing transformation of the agricultural sector.