Stability of CO2 Capture by Lithium Orthosilicate Under Various Conditions and the Presence of SO2

Investigating effective sorbent materials in the CO2 sorption process is crucial. Lithium-based sorbents combine high carbon capture efficiency with excellent mechanical stability. Lithium orthosilicate (Li4SiO4) was prepared for the CO2 capture test in this study with a variety of variables, including the sorbent calcination temperature, space velocity, operation temperature, and water vapor and SO2 concentrations. Several analyses were used in the characterization of the spent and fresh sorbents. Additionally, the CO2 sorption reaction kinetics were investigated using deactivation models. The sorbent with the best utilization value was obtained via calcining Li4SiO4 at 700 °C for five hours. Li4SiO4 demonstrated exceptional stability in the 600–800 °C temperature and 1200–6000 mL/h/g space velocity ranges. The performance of the sorbent was not significantly affected by the water vapor content up to 10%. Nevertheless, further increasing the water vapor stream drastically declined its performance due to water masking on the sorbent’s surface. Similar sorption trends were demonstrated by Li4SiO4 in all SO2 content setups. The Type I deactivation model was well fitted to the experimental data.