Analysis of Marker Factors Effect on the Detection Process of Image-Based Tracking in Web Augmented Reality

Image-based tracking is one of the augmented reality methods used in the marker detection and tracking process. This method uses an image marker to determine the precise location and orientation of the camera for displaying virtual objects. Image marker has an important role in the image-based tracking augmented reality working process. Thus, to generate and utilize image markers, factors that functionally affect the performance of image-based tracking augmented reality are required. With the interest to uncover what these factors are and how they affect the performance of the image-based tracking system, this research will examine the factors applied to the image marker and their effect on the performance of image-based tracking web AR in bringing virtual objects to the real environment. In this research, six factors were tested, consisting of the image marker quality, surface area of the covered image marker, camera distance to the image marker, the camera angle towards the image marker, the Light-Marker-Camera (LMC) angle, and the type of device used. The effects of these factors are measured using the latency of image-based tracking augmented reality in displaying virtual objects. Therefore, it is concluded that the LMC angle factor significantly affects the latency of image-based tracking AR. Also, the factors of the surface area of the covered image marker, the distance between the camera and the image marker, and the camera angle towards the image marker show a positive influence on the latency of the system. On the other hand, the factors of image marker quality, and the type of device used prove a negative influence with the latency of image-based tracking augmented reality in displaying virtual objects.