Band Stop Frequency Selective Surfaces Using Ring Resonators: Simulation and 6G Metasurface Potential

This paper presents a comprehensive simulation study on the design of a single-layer frequency selective surface (FSS) composed of circular loop or ring resonator unit cells on an F4BMX substrate. The proposed FSS exhibits band stop characteristics with a fractional bandwidth of 76%, centered at 3.5 GHz, and a Q factor of 1,315. The ring resonator has a symmetrical design, which ensures it fits easily in real-world conditions. Full-wave simulations, coupled with parameter sweeping, were conducted to analyze the transmissive and band stop properties based on variations in ring width, outer diameter, substrate thickness, and copper layer thickness. The simulations reveal that a resonant frequency of 3.5 GHz with -50 dB attenuation can be achieved. This work demonstrates how the integration of the ring resonator on an F4BMX substrate can significantly enhance the efficiency, selectivity, and anti-interference capabilities of metasurfaces for advanced communication systems. The work provides insightful information about how to create high-performance, low-cost spatial filtering metasurfaces for next-generation communication such as 6 G.