Low-SAR Implantable Antennas Design for Small Intestine and Scalp Tissue Phantoms

In Indonesia, a growing population has led to a critical need for biomedical devices to address increasing healthcare demands. Implantable antennas are one of the most important components for Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs) applications used to measure and monitor conditions inside the human body or on its surface. While previous research has designed several implantable antennas, including one for use in endoscopic capsules within the small intestine, the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) was not measured for these designs. SAR is a crucial factor for any wireless communication device implanted in the human body. This research addresses this gap by designing two implantable miniaturized antennas with RT/duroid 6010 substrate and Defected Ground Structure method. The antennas gained SAR values that comply with regulations. The SAR value for the antenna implanted in the scalp phantom is $0.070 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{Kg}$, while the SAR value for the antenna implanted in the small intestine phantom are $\mathbf{0. 0 4 7}$ W/Kg and $0.031 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{Kg}$, all within the ISM Band.