Live Demonstration: Low Cost AES-256 Circuit Design and Application

With the advent of the post-quantum era, the most worrying issue is information security. Quantum computers have been able to crack common asymmetric cryptography, such as RSA, DSA, ECC, etc, by Shor’s Algorithm. In terms of common symmetric-key algorithm, Grover’s algorithm can reduce the difficulty of brute-force cracking from N attempt to $\sqrt{N}$ [1], which decreases the security. In other words, the symmetric-key algorithm doubling the key size can effectively resist quantum attacks. Hence, AES-256 will be a worthwhile research topic in the future.