Assessment of Government-Owned Electric Vehicle Penetration on Distribution Network : A Case Study in Denpasar, Bali

The Indonesian government is currently focusing on preparing infrastructure for electric vehicles (EVs), driven by clean energy issues and the Net Zero Emission plan for 2060. To support this transition, the Indonesian government has issued directives mandating the adoption of battery-based EVs in government agencies, both at the central and regional levels. One Indonesian province, Bali, has seen a significant increase in EV numbers, and the local government is actively promoting the transition to EVs. However, the increasing population of EVs poses challenges for national electricity providers (PT PLN). This study aims to analyze the impact of government-owned EV penetration on the distribution network in Denpasar, Bali, and determine appropriate locations for EV charging stations. Using real conditions from two feeders in Denpasar, simulations are conducted to analyze the impact of EV penetration on the distribution network. Simulation results show that EV penetration affects voltage drop and power losses, therefore these assessments provide a valuable contribution to determine the appropriate location for EV charging stations.