New Advanced Strategy for Controlling the Charging and Discharging of a Storage Unit in a Microgrid Using a Finite Control Set Predictive Model

Storage units are critical in microgrids to ensure stable operation, making optimal and robust control during charging and discharging essential. In this work, we propose a novel finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) strategy to manage the charging and discharging of a battery in a DC microgrid powered by renewable energy. Unlike traditional Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers, the FCS-MPC approach optimizes control actions in real-time, considering system constraints and providing enhanced dynamic response. This work demonstrates the superiority of FCS-MPC in controlling a bi-directional DC/DC converter under various test scenarios, ensuring continuous power supply to a 15W DC load. Simulations in Matlab/Simulink validate the proposal, showing that the FCS-MPC delivers higher efficiency and better performance compared to the PI controller.