Epidemiological trends and surgical versus non-surgical management of uterine leiomyomas in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Uterine leiomyomas, commonly known as fibroids, are the most prevalent benign tumors in women of reproductive age, often contributing to significant morbidity due to symptoms like heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and infertility. The management of fibroids varies widely and can include medical, surgical, or combined approaches, depending on various patient factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study observational study was conducted department of obstetrics and gynecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from January 2022 to July 2022. A total of 100 women with fibroid were considered as study subjects by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was done by statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: The majority of patients were aged 31-50 years, with a mean age of 38.48 years, and the most prevalent educational level was HSC (29%). Most patients (56%) were housewives, with 65% residing in urban areas, and 86% were married. The primary management approaches included medical treatment (49%) and surgical interventions (42%), with a smaller group (9%) receiving a combination of both. Oral progesterone was the most commonly used medical therapy (37.90%), while myomectomy was the leading surgical procedure (50.98%). Conclusions: This study concludes that the majority of patients were between 31 and 50 years old, with a mean age of 38.48 years, and the most common educational attainment was HSC, comprising 29% of the cohort. Most were housewives (56%), predominantly from urban areas (65%), and (86%) were married. Management approaches included medical treatments in 49% of cases, surgical procedures in 42%, and a combined approach in 9%. Among medical therapies, oral progesterone was the most frequently used (37.90%), while myomectomy was the most common surgical intervention (50.98%).