Clinical features and prognostic risk factors of different sex with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and the outcomes of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients between different sex. We aimed to collect the first hospitalization patients who were diagnosed as AECOPD between 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021 from the general ward and intensive care unit in the hole hospital, Shanghai the Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University. Demographic data, initial clinical symptoms, on-admission vital signs, comorbidities, laboratory tests and imaging examination, treatment, and follow-up were compared between the two groups. The patients were followed up for 30 days, 90 days, 180 days after the discharge from the hospital, all these differences were not statistically significant in hospital readmissions and mortality (P > 0.05). The multivariate analysis incorporated seven factors according to the results of the univariate regression analysis. The results showed that readmission was independently associated with increased course of disease (P = 0.032), combined with chronic pulmonary heart disease (P = 0.011), and combined with peptic ulcer (P = 0.044). Conversely, there was no correlation between sex and readmission (P = 0.304). The short-term readmission was independently associated with increased course of disease, combined with chronic pulmonary heart disease, and combined with peptic ulcer, but not with sex.